180 Physics MCQs that appeared in MDCAT 2023, arranged
unit by unit in syllabus order. Tap “Show answer” under any question for the correct option and a short solution.
Force and Motion
1.Which of the following is the correct definition of variable velocity? (MDCAT 2023)
unequal distances are covered in equal intervals of time
equal displacements are made in unequal intervals of time
unequal displacements are made in equal intervals of time
equal displacements are made in equal intervals of time
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) unequal displacements are made in equal intervals of time
Velocity is displacement per unit time, so it varies when the displacement in equal times is unequal.
2.A man is in a car that is moving with a uniform velocity. His velocity with respect to the car is: (MDCAT 2023)
$10\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$
$36\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$
zero
infinite
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) zero
He does not move relative to the car, so his velocity in the frame of the car is zero.
3.Two car traveling on straight road in opposite direction with speed 70 kmh-1 and 60 kmh-1, their relative velocity will be: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
10 kmh-1
130 kmh-1
65 kmh-1
5 kmh-1
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 130 kmh-1
Moving towards each other, the speeds add: $70+60$ is $130\,\mathrm{km\,h^{-1}}$.
4.A man is in a car that is moving with the velocity of 36km/hr.His speed with respect to the car (UHS MDCAT 2023)
10m/s
36m/s
Zero
Infinite
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Zero
He moves with the car, so relative to it his speed is zero.
5.In a displacement-time graph, if the slope is constant then the velocity is: (MDCAT 2023)
variable
constant
may be variable or constant
infinite
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) constant
The slope of a displacement-time graph is the velocity, so a constant slope is a constant velocity.
6.The velocity-time plot for a moving particle is a straight line. This means: (MDCAT 2023)
the particle has a constant acceleration
the particle has never turned around
the particle has zero displacement
the data are insufficient
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) the particle has a constant acceleration
The slope of a velocity-time graph is the acceleration, and a straight line has a constant slope.
7.What is the shape of velocity-time graph for constant acceleration? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Parabola line
Straight line
Incline curve
Decline curve
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Straight line
Constant acceleration means a constant slope, so the graph is a straight line.
8.The gradient of velocity time is equal to: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Distance
Force
Acceleration
Speed
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Acceleration
The slope of a velocity time graph is the acceleration.
9.Slope of distance time graph can never be: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Positive
Negative
Constant
Zero
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Negative
Distance can only grow, so the slope of the graph is never below zero.
10.The slope of a displacement-time graph is equal to: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Velocity
Displacement
Acceleration
Distance
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Velocity
The slope of a displacement time graph is the velocity.
11.The velocity-time plot for a moving particle shows a straight line. This means: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
The particle has a constant acceleration
The particle has never turned around
The particle has zero displacement
The data in insufficient
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) The particle has a constant acceleration
A straight velocity time line has a constant slope, that is a constant acceleration.
12.In the displacement-time graph, if the slope is constant then the velocity is (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Variable
Constant
May be variable or constant
Infinite
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Constant
The slope of a displacement time graph is the velocity, so a constant slope is a constant velocity.
13.If the car is slowing down along negative x axis then acceleration will be along: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Positive x Axis
Negative x Axis
Positive y Axis
Negative y Axis
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Correct answer: (a) Positive x Axis
Slowing down means the acceleration points against the motion, so along the positive axis.
14.At highest point in a projectile motion, the velocity will be: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Vx = 0 Vy = 0
Vx = 0 Vy = constant
Vx = constant Vy = constant
Vx = constant Vy = 0
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Vx = constant Vy = 0
Gravity empties the vertical component at the top and leaves the horizontal one untouched.
15.At what point during the motion of projectile its vertical component of velocity is zero? (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Point of projection
Landing point
Highest point
Just before landing
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Highest point
The vertical component is spent at the highest point of the path.
16.At what pair of angles for a projectile, the ranges are equal? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
20O, 60O
60O, 30O
40O, 60O
25O, 55O
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 60O, 30O
Two angles adding to $90^{\circ}$ give the same range.
17.The angle of projection of a projectile for which its maximum height and horizontal range are equal is: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
86O
46 O
66 O
76 O
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) 76 O
$H=R$ gives $\tan\theta=4$, so the angle is about $76^{\circ}$.
18.Range of a projectile on a horizontal plane is same for the following pair of angle: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
15 & 30
60 & 20
75 & 15
50 & 25
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) 75 & 15
Two angles adding to $90^{\circ}$ give the same range, and $75+15$ is the only such pair.
19.A fireman wants to slide down a rope. The breaking load of the rope is 3/4 th of the weight of the man. With what acceleration should the fire man slide down? ( Acceleration due to gravity is 'g') (UHS MDCAT 2023)
g
g/4
3g/4
0
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) g/4
The rope will bear only $3mg/4$, so the least downward force is $mg/4$ and the acceleration $g/4$.
20.If two equal masses are in motion with the same individual speeds, we can conclude that: (MDCAT 2023)
their momenta are the same
their momenta can be different from each other
their kinetic energies are different from each other
their total energies are different
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) their momenta can be different from each other
Momentum is a vector, so equal masses at equal speeds in different directions have different momenta.
21.Two balls collide each other, it has been observed that the collision is elastic. Which statement is advocates the observation? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
K.E before collision = K.E after collision
Momentum before collision = Momentum after collision
K.E before collision ≠ K.E after collision
Momentum before collision ≠ Momentum after collision
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) K.E before collision = K.E after collision
Momentum is conserved in every collision; it is the kinetic energy that marks an elastic one.
22.Two bodies having same mass undergo elastic collision then their velocities after collision will be: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
v1' = 0 v2' = v1
v1' = v2 v2' = 0
v1' = v1 v2' = v2
v1' = v2 v2' = v1
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) v1' = v2 v2' = v1
Equal masses in a head-on elastic collision simply exchange velocities.
Momentum, kinetic energy and total energy, all are conserved
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Momentum, kinetic energy and total energy, all are conserved
Momentum, kinetic energy and total energy are all conserved in a perfectly elastic collision.
Work and Energy
24.The work done by a variable force can be found by dividing the: (MDCAT 2023)
force into small intervals
displacement into small intervals
both force and displacement into small intervals
displacement into intervals at different angles
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) displacement into small intervals
Over a small enough displacement the force is effectively constant, so $W=\sum F\Delta d$ is the area under the force-displacement graph.
25.Work done will be negative if the angle between force and displacement is: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
0 O
45 O
60 O
180 O
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) 180 O
At $180^{\circ}$ the cosine is $-1$, so the work is negative.
26.The area under force-displacement graph gives: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Displacement
Power
Work
Acceleration
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Work
Force times displacement is work, and that is the area under the graph.
27.An 8.0 kg box slides along a horizontal frictionless floor at $3\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$ and meets a light spring that compresses 12 cm before the box stops. Calculate the retarding force of the spring. (MDCAT 2023)
3 N
30 N
300 N
3000 N
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) 300 N
$\tfrac{1}{2}mv^2=\tfrac{1}{2}(8)(3)^2=36$ J, and $F=W/d=36/0.12=300$ N.
28.Two bodies with kinetic energies in the ratio 4 : 1 are moving with equal linear momentum. The ratio of their masses is: (MDCAT 2023)
1 : 4
4 : 1
1 : 2
2 : 1
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) 1 : 4
With $p$ equal, $E_k=p^2/2m$, so the kinetic energy is inversely proportional to the mass.
29.A particle of mass m at rest is acted upon by a force P for time t. Its kinetic energy after time t is: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
(P^2 t^2)/m
(P^2 t^2)/2m
(P^2 t^2)/3m
(P^2 t^2)/4m
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) (P^2 t^2)/2m
The impulse $Pt$ is the momentum gained, and $K=p^2/2m$ gives $P^2t^2/2m$.
30.The unit of kinetic energy is same as that of: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Work
Power / Time
Time / Power
Work / Time
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Work
Kinetic energy is measured in joules, the same unit as work.
31.A car of mass 800 Kg accelerates from 20m-1 to 30ms-1, the increase in K.E is: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
2 J
200 KJ
200 J
2 KJ
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 200 KJ
$\tfrac12\times800\times(30^2-20^2)$ is $200\,\mathrm{kJ}$.
32.A body of mass 'm' is moving with velocity 'v'. After a short interval of time its velocity becomes double. How many times its K.E will increase or decrease? (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
2 time increased
2 time decreased
4 time increased
4 time decreased
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) 4 time increased
$K=\tfrac12mv^2$ goes as the square of the speed, so doubling it gives four times the energy.
33.An 8.0-kg box slides along a horizontal frictionless floor at 3 m/s and collides with a relatively massless spring that compresses 12 cm before the box comes to a rest. Calculate the retarding force of the spring. (UHS MDCAT 2023)
3N
30N
300N
3000N
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) 300N
The kinetic energy $\tfrac12\times8\times3^2=36\,\mathrm{J}$ is absorbed over $0.12\,\mathrm{m}$, so the force is $300\,\mathrm{N}$.
34.A fisherman lifts a fish of mass 250 g from rest through a vertical height of 1.8 m. The fish gains a speed of $1.1\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$. What is the energy gained by the fish? (MDCAT 2023)
0.15 J
4.3 J
4.4 J
4.6 J
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) 4.6 J
$mgh+\tfrac{1}{2}mv^2=0.25(9.8)(1.8)+\tfrac{1}{2}(0.25)(1.1)^2=4.41+0.15\approx4.6$ J.
35.Ignoring details associated with friction, extra forces exerted by arm and leg muscles, and other factors, we can consider a pole vault as the conversion of an athlete's running kinetic energy to gravitational potential energy. If an athlete is to lift his body 5 m during a vault, what speed must he have when he plants his pole? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
5 m/s
10 m/s
15 m/s
20 m/s
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 10 m/s
$\tfrac12mv^2=mgh$ gives $v=\sqrt{2\times10\times5}$, about $10\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$.
36.Kilowatt hour is a unit of: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Energy
Energy x time
Power
(power)(energy)
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Energy
A kilowatt hour is power times time, that is energy.
37.The unit of power in British engineering system is: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Horse power
Watt
Js-1
Js
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Horse power
The British engineering unit of power is the horsepower.
38.1 Nms-1 = : (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
1 Kilo watt hour
1 J.s
1 watt
1 J.s-2
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) 1 watt
A newton metre per second is a joule per second, that is a watt.
39.1 kWh = (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
0.36 × 106 J
36 × 105 J
3.6 × 106 J
0.036 × 105 J
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) 3.6 × 106 J
A kilowatt for an hour is $1000\times3600$, that is $3.6\times10^6\,\mathrm{J}$.
40.Power is dot product of: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Force and displacement
Force and velocity
Force and time
Work and time
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Force and velocity
Power is the scalar product of force and velocity.
41.For an ideal gas equation PV= nRT, the dimensions of Real Gas Constant R are: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
[M1 L2 T-2 K-1]
[M1 L-3 T-1 K-1]
[M1 L-2 T-1 K-1]
[M1 L-3 T-2 K-1]
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) [M1 L2 T-2 K-1]
$R=PV/nT$ is energy per mole per kelvin, that is $[\mathrm{M\,L^2\,T^{-2}\,K^{-1}}]$.
42.In inter-conversion of energy, the work done against the friction is: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
f + h
f - h
fh
f / h
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) fh
Work is force times distance, so the work against a friction $f$ over a distance $h$ is $fh$.
Rotational and Circular Motion
43.One degree is equal to: (MDCAT 2023)
$\pi/90$ radians
$\pi/180$ radians
$\pi/270$ radians
$\pi/360$ radians
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) $\pi/180$ radians
A half turn is $\pi$ radians and $180^\circ$, so $1^\circ=\pi/180$ radians.
44.One radian is analogous to: (MDCAT 2023)
$57.3^\circ$
$57.3$ radians
$1^\circ$
$180^\circ$
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) $57.3^\circ$
$1\ \mathrm{rad}=180^\circ/\pi=57.3^\circ$.
45.The number of revolutions in 3π radians is: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
1/60
3/2
2
6
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 3/2
One revolution is $2\pi$ radians, so $3\pi$ is one and a half.
46.How many radians are in one degree? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
0.0174 rad
0.174 rad
1.745 rad
0.00174 rad
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) 0.0174 rad
$\pi/180$ is about $0.0174$ radians.
47.The relation between radian and degree is: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
1 rad = 57.3°
1° = 57.3 rad
1 rad = 1°
1° = π rad
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) 1 rad = 57.3°
One radian is $180/\pi$ degrees, about $57.3^{\circ}$.
48.If a flywheel is rotating at 3.0 rad/s, the time it takes to complete one revolution is about (UHS MDCAT 2023)
0.67 s
1.0 s
1.3 s
2.1 s
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) 2.1 s
$T=2\pi/\omega=2\pi/3$, about $2.1\,\mathrm{s}$.
49.Which one of the following is the angular velocity of an electric motor if it rotates at 400 rpm? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
51.2 rad/s
41.9 rad/s
45.2 rad/s
38.5 rad/s
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 41.9 rad/s
$400\times2\pi/60$ gives about $41.9\,\mathrm{rad\,s^{-1}}$.
50.Which one of the following is angular speed in radian per hour for daily rotation of our earth? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
2 π
4 π
π /6
π /12
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) π /12
$2\pi$ radians in $24$ hours is $\pi/12$ radians an hour.
51.An electric motor turns at 400 revolutions per minute. Its angular velocity in rad/s will be: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
20π/3
30π/3
40π/3
30π/4
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) 40π/3
$400\times2\pi/60$ is $40\pi/3\,\mathrm{rad\,s^{-1}}$.
52.If a particle is moving with uniform circular motion, then: (MDCAT 2023)
velocity and acceleration are antiparallel
velocity and acceleration are parallel
velocity and acceleration are perpendicular to each other
the acceleration is zero
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) velocity and acceleration are perpendicular to each other
The speed does not change, so the acceleration is wholly centripetal and at right angles to the velocity.
53.On which car is a centripetal force acting? (MDCAT 2023)
a car moving on a straight horizontal road
a car moving at constant speed around a bend
a car moving uphill at a constant velocity
a car that is stationary
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) a car moving at constant speed around a bend
Only the car going round a bend has a curved path, and the force towards the centre of that curve is the centripetal force.
54.Which one provides centripetal force in a circular motion of a body? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Vertical component of weight
Horizontal component of weight
Weight of the body
Force of friction
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Force of friction
For a car on a level bend the friction of the tyres is the only inward force.
55.The tension is string at top of vertical circle is: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Zero
mg
2mg
3mg
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Zero
At the least speed that keeps the string taut, gravity alone supplies the centripetal force and the tension is zero.
56.The centripetal force in terms of angular velocity is given by: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
F c = m r ω
F c = m r ω^2
F c = m r α^2
F c = m r α
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) F c = m r ω^2
With $v=r\omega$, $mv^2/r$ becomes $mr\omega^2$.
57.In case of centripetal force the value of instantaneous acceleration is given by: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
ac = v/r
ac = v2/r
ac = vr
ac = v2r
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) ac = v2/r
The centripetal acceleration is $v^2/r$, directed to the centre.
58.The centripetal force formula is: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Fc = mω2
Fc = mrω
Fc = mrω2
Fc = mr2ω
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Fc = mrω2
With $v=r\omega$, $mv^2/r$ becomes $mr\omega^2$.
59.On which car there is resultant force? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Car moving on a straight horizontal road
Car moving at constant speed around a bend
Car moving uphill at a constant velocity
Car that is stationary
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Car moving at constant speed around a bend
A car on a bend is changing direction, so there is a resultant force towards the centre.
Waves
60.The mechanical waves are not generated by: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Electric and magnetic fields
Coil of springs
Ropes
Water
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Electric and magnetic fields
Electric and magnetic fields make electromagnetic waves, which need no medium at all.
61.Continuous, regular and rhythmic disturbance in a medium resulting periodic vibration of a source causes________in the medium: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Complex waves
Stationary waves
Electromagnetic waves
Periodic waves
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Periodic waves
A regular repeated disturbance sets up periodic waves.
62.An observer standing near the shore observes 54 waves per minute. If the wavelength of the water wave is 2 m, the speed of the water wave is: (MDCAT 2023)
$540\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$
$9\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$
$5.4\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$
none of these
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) none of these
$f=54/60=0.9$ Hz and $v=f\lambda=0.9\times2=1.8\ \mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$, which is none of the first three.
63.Wave trough refers to the: (MDCAT 2023)
wavelength
wave speed
highest point of the wave
lowest point of the wave
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) lowest point of the wave
The trough is the lowest point of a transverse wave, as the crest is the highest.
64.When a wave goes from one medium to another, there is no change in the: (MDCAT 2023)
frequency
amplitude
wavelength
velocity
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) frequency
The source sets the frequency, so it is unchanged; the speed and hence the wavelength change with the medium.
65.Which of the following increase by increasing amplitude? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Wavelength
Frequently
Zero
Loudness
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Loudness
Loudness follows the energy of the wave, which goes as the square of the amplitude.
66.The shortest distance between any two points in phase on a wave is called: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Displacement
Amplitude
Wavelength
Frequency
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Wavelength
The shortest distance between two points in the same phase is the wavelength.
67.Wavelength of wave is defined as: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Distance between two consecutive crests
Distance between two alternate crest
Distance between two alternate trough
Distance between two crest and two trough
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Distance between two consecutive crests
One wavelength is the distance from one crest to the next.
68.Maximum displacement of particles form it mean position is called: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Frequency
Amplitude
Wavelength
Crest
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Amplitude
The greatest displacement from the mean position is the amplitude.
69.The ultrasonic waves have frequency higher than: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
20 Hz
20 KHz
200 Hz
2000 KHz
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 20 KHz
Ultrasonic means above the upper limit of hearing, about $20\,\mathrm{kHz}$.
70.The maximum displacement of particles of a medium, on either side of the mean position of a wave, is called: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Wavelength
Frequency
Amplitude
Crest
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Amplitude
That greatest displacement is the amplitude.
71.When a wave goes from one medium to another, there is a no change in the: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Frequency
Amplitude
Wavelength
Velocity
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Frequency
The source sets the frequency, so it is unchanged; the speed and wavelength alter together.
72.An observer standing near the sea shore observes 54 waves per minute. If the wavelength of the water wave is 10m then the velocity of water wave is: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
540 m/s
9 m/s
5.4 m/s
None
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 9 m/s
Fifty-four waves a minute is $0.9\,\mathrm{Hz}$, and $v=f\lambda=0.9\times10$ is $9\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$.
73.If transverse waves are passing through a medium, then the particles of the medium: (MDCAT 2023)
remain stationary
move away with the wave
move towards the source
move in simple harmonic motion
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) move in simple harmonic motion
Each particle oscillates about its own mean position at right angles to the direction of travel.
74.If transverse waves are passing through medium, then particle of medium: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Remain stationary
Move away
Move toward
Move in Simple Harmonic Motion
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Move in Simple Harmonic Motion
Each particle of the medium oscillates about its mean position in simple harmonic motion.
75.The speed of sound in an ideal gas depends upon its: (MDCAT 2023)
temperature
frequency
amplitude
wavelength
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) temperature
$v\propto\sqrt{T}$; the frequency, amplitude and wavelength of the sound do not change it.
76.Which of the following factor does not affect the speed of sound in air? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Pressure
Density
Temperature
Medium
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Pressure
Raising the pressure raises the density in the same proportion, so $\sqrt{P/\rho}$ is unchanged.
77.The increase in the speed of sound for each degree rise above 0o C is: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
0.61 m/s
0.51 m/s
0.41 m/s
0.31 m/s
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) 0.61 m/s
Sound gains about $0.61\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$ for each degree above $0^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$.
78.With increase in pressure, the speed of sound will: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Increase
Decrease
First increase then decrease
Remain the same
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Remain the same
Raising the pressure raises the density in the same proportion, so the speed is unchanged.
79.If the length of a second's pendulum becomes four times, then its time period will become: (MDCAT 2023)
four times
two times
half
one fourth
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) two times
$T=2\pi\sqrt{l/g}$, so $T$ goes as the square root of the length.
80.When will the oscillations stop in the absence of resistive forces? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Never
After 10 minutes
In 10 minutes
Immediately
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Never
With nothing to take energy from it, an oscillator would go on for ever.
81.Reducing mass M of a suspending body to one fourth will change the frequency of oscillation to (UHS MDCAT 2023)
One fourth
Double
Quadrupule
Half
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Double
The frequency goes as $1/\sqrt{m}$, so a quarter of the mass doubles it.
82.If the length of second pendulum becomes four times, then its time period will become: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Four times
Two times
Half
One fourth
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Two times
$T=2\pi\sqrt{l/g}$ goes as the square root of the length, so four times the length doubles the period.
Thermodynamics
83.Thermodynamics is that branch of Physics in which we study (UHS MDCAT 2023)
relations between heat and mechanical energies
relations between heat and ionization energies
relations between chemical and mechanical energies
relations between kinetic and potential energies
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) relations between heat and mechanical energies
Thermodynamics is the study of heat and its relation to mechanical work.
84.When a gas is compressed isothermally, the product of its pressure and volume during the process is: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
not constant
constant
zero
proportional to entropy
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) constant
At constant temperature $PV=nRT$ makes the product constant, which is Boyle’s law.
85.Temperature of given mass of a gas is changed from 150°C to 300°C during an isobaric process, volume of the gas will become: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Half
Double
Remain same
Less than double
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Less than double
On the Kelvin scale the temperature rises from $423$ to $573$, a factor of only $1.35$.
86.The thermodynamic process during which volume of the system remains constant is called: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Isothermal
Isobaric
Isochoric
Adiabatic
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Isochoric
A change at constant volume is isochoric.
87.The conditions for application of Boyle’s law holds good in: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Adiabatic process
Isothermal process
Isobaric process
Isochoric process
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Isothermal process
Boyle’s law holds at constant temperature, that is in an isothermal change.
88.In isochoric process: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Pressure is kept constant
Exchange of heat is zero
Volume is kept constant
Temperature is kept constant
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Volume is kept constant
Isochoric means at constant volume.
89.The first law of thermodynamics concerns the conservation of: (MDCAT 2023)
heat
work
momentum
energy
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) energy
$\Delta U=Q-W$ is the conservation of energy written for a thermodynamic system.
90.The internal energy of a system during an isothermal process: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Decreases
Increases
Becomes zero
Remains constant
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Remains constant
Internal energy depends only on temperature, which an isothermal change holds fixed.
91.If 42 J heat is transferred to the system during expansion, what is the change in internal energy when work done is 32 J? (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
74 J
10 J
116 J
106 J
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 10 J
$\Delta U=Q-W=42-32$, which is $10\,\mathrm{J}$.
92.The 1st law of thermodynamics is the generalization of the law of conservation of: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Mass
Charge
Energy
Momentum
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Energy
The first law is the conservation of energy applied to heat and work.
93.First law of thermodynamics concerns with the conservation of (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Heat
Work
Momentum
Energy
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Energy
The first law is the conservation of energy written for heat and work.
94.An ideal gas has molar specific heat $C_p$ at constant pressure. When the temperature of $n$ moles is increased by $\Delta T$, the increase in the internal energy is: (MDCAT 2023)
$nC_p\Delta T$
$n(C_p+R)\Delta T$
$n(C_p-R)\Delta T$
$n(2C_p+R)\Delta T$
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) $n(C_p-R)\Delta T$
$\Delta U=nC_v\Delta T$ and $C_p-C_v=R$, so $C_v=C_p-R$.
Electrostatics
95.As per Coulomb's law, the force of attraction or repulsion between two point charges is directly proportional to the: (MDCAT 2023)
sum of the magnitudes of the charges
product of the magnitudes of the charges
square of the distance between them
distance between them
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) product of the magnitudes of the charges
$F\propto q_1q_2$, and it is inversely proportional to the square of the separation.
96.The Coulomb's constant k depends upon: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
nature of medium
system of units
types of charge
nature of medium and system of units
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) nature of medium and system of units
$k=1/4\pi\varepsilon$ carries the permittivity of the medium, and its number depends on the units used.
97.The electric field intensity inside a charged hollow sphere is: (MDCAT 2023)
maximum
zero
negative
positive
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) zero
The charge resides on the outer surface and its contributions cancel everywhere inside, so the field there is zero.
98.A charged particle moves in a uniform electric field between two oppositely charged parallel metal plates. To calculate the force acting on the particle due to the electric field, which quantity is not required? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Particle charge
Particle speed
Plate separation
Potential difference between the plates
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Particle speed
The field is the potential difference over the separation, and the force is $qE$; the speed does not enter.
99.Gauss law cannot be used to find which of the following quantity? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Electric field intensity
Electric flux density
Charge
Permittivity
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Permittivity
Permittivity is a property of the medium and must be known before Gauss’s law can be used at all.
100.Electric intensity due to charge distributions are calculated using which following law? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Ohm’s law
Faraday’s law
Gauss’s law
Ampere’s law
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Gauss’s law
Gauss’s law gives the field of a symmetrical charge distribution from the flux through a closed surface.
101.Electric field intensity inside a hollow charged sphere is: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Maximum
Zero
Negative
Positive
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Zero
The charge sits on the surface, so by Gauss’s law the field inside the shell is zero.
102.What is the potential difference between two points in an electric field if it takes 600 J of energy to move a charge of 2 C between these two points? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
1200 J
800 J
300 J
0 J
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) 300 J
$V=W/q=600/2$, which is $300\,\mathrm{V}$.
103.The SI unit of potential difference is: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Volt
Coulomb
Watt
eV
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Volt
Potential difference is measured in volts.
104.Electric potential is defined as: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Work per unit charge
Force per unit charge
Power per unit charge
Force
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Work per unit charge
Potential is the work done per unit charge in bringing it from infinity.
105.1eV is equal to: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
1.602 x 10-19 J
16.02 x 10-19 J
1620 J
162.0 x 10-19 J
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) 1.602 x 10-19 J
An electron volt is $1.602\times10^{-19}\,\mathrm{J}$.
106.A capacitor of capacitance 'C' has a charge 'Q' and stored energy is 'w'. If the charge is increases to '2Q'. The stored energy will be: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
2W
4W
W/4
W/2
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 4W
$U=Q^2/2C$ goes as the square of the charge, so twice the charge stores four times the energy.
107.The capacitance of capacitor does not depend on: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Area of plates
Medium
Distance between plates
Thickness of plates
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Thickness of plates
$C=\varepsilon A/d$ carries the area, the separation and the medium, but not how thick the plates are.
108.While studying charging and discharging of a capacitor, Rc = Resistance × Capacitance is known as: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Electrostatic constant
Time constant
Dielectric constant
Proportionality constant
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Time constant
$RC$ has the dimension of time and is called the time constant of the circuit.
109.In parallel combination of two capacitors, their equivalent capacitance is equal to: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
C1 + C2
1/C1 + 1/C2
C1C2 / C1 + C2
2C1C2 / C1 + C2
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) C1 + C2
Capacitors in parallel share the same voltage, so their capacitances add.
110.To store the electric charge the ultra-capacitors use _______ effect. (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Single layer
Double layer
Triple layer
Quadruple layer
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Double layer
An ultracapacitor stores charge in the electrical double layer at the electrode surface.
Current Electricity
111.How much potential drop exist across closed switch? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
0 V
1V
2V
3V
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) 0 V
A closed switch is a length of conductor with no resistance, so no potential is dropped across it.
112.A 3 V battery is connected in series with ammeter and 2 ohm resistance after short circuiting circuiting. What will be the reading of ammeter? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
1 A
1.5 A
5 A
6 A
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 1.5 A
$I=V/R=3/2$, which is $1.5\,\mathrm{A}$.
113.Which of the following statement is NOT CORRECT about Kirchhoff's rule? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Kirchhoff's current rule based upon the law of conservation of charge
Wheatstone bridge is an application of Kirchhoff's rule
Kirchhoff's rules are more suitable in AC circuits
Kirchhoff's voltage rule based upon the law of conservation of energy
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Kirchhoff's rules are more suitable in AC circuits
The rules were framed for steady currents; alternating circuits need reactance as well as resistance.
114.Volt × Ampere is the unit of: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Current
Volt
Resistance
Power
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Power
Volts times amperes is watts, the unit of power.
115.The ohmmeter of a portable digital multi meter need: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Internal battery
Wet cell
Voltmeter
Ammeter
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Internal battery
An ohmmeter must drive its own current through the resistor, so it carries a battery.
116.A wire of uniform cross-sectional area $A$, length $L$ and resistance $R$ is cut into two equal parts. What will happen to the resistivity of each part? (MDCAT 2023)
it will be doubled
it will be one fourth
it will be halved
it will remain the same
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) it will remain the same
Resistivity depends on the material and its temperature, not on the size of the piece.
117.What do the substances whose resistance decreases with increase in temperature have? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
high temperature coefficient
negative temperature coefficient
positive temperature coefficient
zero temperature coefficient
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) negative temperature coefficient
A substance whose resistance falls as it warms has a negative temperature coefficient.
118.Ohm meter us the unit of: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Resistance
Resistivity
Conductance
conductivity
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Resistivity
$\rho=RA/L$ has the unit ohm metre.
119.The total resistance of wire isinversely proportional to: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Length
Area
Temperature
Time
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Area
$R=\rho L/A$, so the thicker the wire the smaller its resistance.
120.If length of the wire becomes two times to its original value and area becomes one half to its original value, then resistance of the wire becomes: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Double
Four times
One half
One forth
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Four times
$R=\rho L/A$ doubles with the length and doubles again as the area is halved.
121.Which of the following the fractional change in resistance per kelvin? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Conductivity
Resistivity
Temperature coefficient of resistivity
Temperature coefficient of resistance
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Temperature coefficient of resistance
That fraction is the temperature coefficient of resistance.
122.The following formula can be used to determine the resistance of a length of conductor. R pl/A In the formula, the symbol p stands for the: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Cross-sectional area of the conductor in m2
Product of the length of the conductor in meters
Resistivity of the material in units of ohm meters
Resistance of the conductor in units of ohms per meter
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Resistivity of the material in units of ohm meters
In $R=\rho L/A$ the symbol $\rho$ is the resistivity, measured in ohm metres.
123.The resistance of the wire varies inversely as: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Area of cross section
length
Resistivity
Temperature
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Area of cross section
$R=\rho L/A$, so the wider the wire the smaller its resistance.
124.A wire of uniform area of cross-section A’, length ‘L’, and resistance R is cut into two equal parts. What will happen to the resistivity of each part? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
It will be doubled
It will be one fourth
It will be halved
It will remain the same
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) It will remain the same
Resistivity is a property of the material, so cutting the wire does not change it.
125.A low voltage supply with an e.m.f. of 20 V and an internal resistance of 1.5 ohms is used to supply power to a heater of resistance 6.5 ohms in a fish tank. What is the power supplied to the water in the fish tank? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
41 W
50 W
53 W
62 W
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) 41 W
$I=20/8=2.5\,\mathrm{A}$, and $I^2R=6.25\times6.5$ gives about $41\,\mathrm{W}$ in the heater.
Electromagnetism
126.Q.162 The source of magnetic field is: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
An isolated magnetic pole
Static electric charge
Nonmagnetic substance
Current loop
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Current loop
A magnetic field is made by moving charge, that is by a current.
127.The dimension of magnetic field strength is same as that of: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Magnetic flux
Magnetic induction
Work done
Magnetic force
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Magnetic induction
Magnetic field strength and magnetic induction are the same quantity, measured in tesla.
128.Q.161 Which surface has greater magnetic flux in same magnetic field, each has an area 1 m^2. (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Circular
Rectangular
Square
Flux is independent of shape
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Flux is independent of shape
Flux is the product of flux density and area, whatever the outline of that area.
129.The weber is unit of measure of: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Conductance
Electric current
Magnetic flux
Electric flux
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Magnetic flux
Magnetic flux is measured in webers.
130.If 0.5 T field is applied over an area of 2-meter square which lies at an angle of 60 degree with the field, then the resulting flux will be: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
0.5 T
0.5 Wb
0.25 Wb
0.25 T
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 0.5 Wb
$\Phi=BA\cos\theta=0.5\times2\times\cos60^{\circ}$, which is $0.5\,\mathrm{Wb}$.
131.The magnitude of the magnetic force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field is maximum if the conductor is: (MDCAT 2023)
perpendicular to the magnetic field
parallel to the magnetic field
at $45^\circ$ to the magnetic field
antiparallel to the magnetic field
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) perpendicular to the magnetic field
$F=BIL\sin\theta$ is greatest when $\theta=90^\circ$.
132.Electric forces change the magnitude and direction of velocity while magnetic forces change_____________ of velocity (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Only Magnitude
Only direction
Magnitude and direction
Neither magnitude nor direction
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Only direction
The magnetic force is always at right angles to the velocity, so it can only turn it.
133.The force exerted on charged particle will be maximum when it enters the magnetic field at: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
60O
90O
0O
45O
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 90O
$F=qvB\sin\theta$ is greatest when the particle crosses the field at a right angle.
134.The magnitude of magnetic force will be maximum on current carrying conductor in uniforrn magnetic field if conductor is placed? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Parallel to magnetic field
At 45 degree in magnetic field
Perpendicular to magnetic field
Antiparallel in magnetic field
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Perpendicular to magnetic field
$F=BIL\sin\theta$ is greatest when the conductor lies across the field.
135.When a charged particle enters the magnetic field parallel then it will: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Deflect toward north
Deflect toward south
Move straight
Move in circular path
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Move straight
With the velocity along the field the sine is zero, so there is no force and the path stays straight.
136.When a charged particle enters the magnetic field parallel, it will: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Deflect toward north
Deflect toward south
Move straight
Move in circular path
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Move straight
With the velocity along the field there is no force, so the path is a straight line.
Electromagnetic Induction
137.Q.163 One meter long copper rod is moving with speed 20 m/sec in the magnetic field of strength 0.6 tesla. What is the value of induced emf ? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
10 v
12 v
14 v
16 v
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 12 v
$\varepsilon=BLv=0.6\times1\times20$, which is $12\,\mathrm{V}$.
138.Q.164 The unit of Δφ/Δt can be written as ? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
NmA^-2s^-1
NmAs^-1
NmA^-1s^-1
NmA^-2s1
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) NmA^-1s^-1
The rate of change of flux is an emf, that is a volt, and a volt is $\mathrm{N\,m\,A^{-1}\,s^{-1}}$.
139.Q.166 A copper hoop is held in a vertical east-west plane in a uniform magnetic field whose field lines run along the north-south direction. The largest induced emf is produced when the hoop is ? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Rotated about a north-south axis
Rotated about an east-west axis
Moved rapidly, without rotation, toward the east
Moved rapidly, without rotation, toward the south
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Rotated about an east-west axis
Turning about the east-west axis sweeps the plane of the hoop right through the north-south field lines.
140.In Fleming’s right hand rule the middle finger indicates: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Force
Magnetic field
Induced current
Volt
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Induced current
Thumb for motion, first finger for field, second finger for the induced current.
141.In Fleming's right hand rule, the second finger indicates: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Force
Magnetic field
Induced current
Motion
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Induced current
Thumb for motion, first finger for field, second finger for the induced current.
142.A current generator is a device that converts: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Mechanical energy into electrical energy
Chemical energy into mechanical energy
Sound energy into mechanical energy
Electrical energy into mechanical energy
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Mechanical energy into electrical energy
A generator turns the work done in rotating the coil into electrical energy.
143.The expression for the emf produced by A. C. generator is? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
NωAB Sinθ
NωAB Cosθ
NωAB
ILB Cosθ
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) NωAB Sinθ
The emf of a rotating coil is $NAB\omega\sin\theta$.
144.The induced emf produced in the coil is sometimes called as? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Self-inductance
Back emf
Motional emf
Mutual inductance
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Back emf
The emf induced in a coil by its own changing current opposes that current, so it is called the back emf.
145.Q.165 Working principal of magnetic levitation train is according to ? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Faraday law
Max planks law
Ohm law
Lenz law
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Lenz law
The induced currents oppose the approaching magnet, and the repulsion is what lifts the train.
146.Lenz’s law is also a statement of law of conservation of: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Charge
Energy
Momentum
Mass
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Energy
If the induced current helped the change, energy would be created out of nothing.
147.The Lenz's law is also statement of law of conservation of: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Charge
Mass
Energy
Pressure
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Energy
If the induced current helped the change, energy would be made from nothing.
148.In principle, a transformer consists of two coils of copper, electrically insulated from each other, wound on the same: (MDCAT 2023)
iron core
copper core
gold core
steel core
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) iron core
A soft iron core carries almost all the flux of the primary through the secondary.
149.Q.167 In transformer, there is no ______ connection between the two coils but they are ______ linked ? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Magnetic, electrically
Electrical, magnetically
Magnetic, magnetically
Electrical, optically
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Electrical, magnetically
The coils share no wire; they are coupled only by the flux in the common core.
150.Transformer works on the principle of: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Lenz’s Law
Faraday’s Law
Mutual Induction
Ampere’s Law
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Mutual Induction
The changing flux of the primary induces an emf in the secondary, which is mutual induction.
151.The efficiency of transformer is: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
60 %
70 %
80 %
90 %
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) 90 %
A well made transformer wastes little, so its efficiency is around ninety per cent or better.
152.In principle, the transformer consists of two coils of copper, electrically insulated from each other, wound on the same? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Iron core
Copper core
Gold core
Steel core
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Iron core
A soft iron core carries the flux from one winding to the other with little loss.
Alternating Current
153.Red light is used in photographic dark room because of: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
More frequency, less wavelength
Less frequency, less wavelength
Less frequency, more wavelength
More frequency, more wavelength
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Less frequency, more wavelength
Red is at the low frequency, long wavelength end, so its photons carry too little energy to expose the film.
Electronics
154.Q.168 When the temperature of semiconductor suddenly drops to zero kelvin, then a semiconductor acts as: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Conductor
Semi-conductor
Super conductor
Insulator
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Insulator
At absolute zero no electron has the energy to cross the gap, so no charge can move.
155.A process in which only one half of alternating current is converted into direct current is called: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Full wave rectification
Amplification
Half wave rectification
Magnification
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Half wave rectification
A single diode passes only the half cycles of one sign, which is half wave rectification.
156.Efficiency of full wave rectifier circuit is almost________than half wave rectifier circuit: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Four times
Same as
Sixteen times
Double
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Double
Both half cycles are used instead of one, so the output is about twice as effective.
157.The conversion of alternating current into direct current is called rectification and circuit is called rectifier. Which component of electronics acts as a rectifier? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Diode
Transistor
Transformer
Inductor
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Diode
A diode passes current one way only, which is what rectification needs.
158.A device that converts AC into DC is called: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Diode
Transistor
Capacitor
Inductor
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Diode
A diode passes current one way only, so it turns alternating into direct current.
159.The conversion of alternating current into direct current is called: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Amplification
Rectification
Magnification
Resolution
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Rectification
That process is rectification.
160.In full wave rectification, ________ diodes are used. (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
1
2
3
4
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) 4
A bridge rectifier uses four diodes, two conducting on each half cycle.
Dawn of Modern Physics
161.Q.169 If electron, proton, neutron, and alpha particle have same velocity, which of them has the shortest wavelength? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Alpha particle
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) Alpha particle
At the same speed the alpha particle has much the largest momentum, and $\lambda=h/mv$ is smallest for it.
162.Q.170 The process of ejection of loosely bound electrons from a certain photo sensitive surface by absorption of photon is called: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Compton effect
Photoelectric effect
Pair production
Black body radiation
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Photoelectric effect
That is the photoelectric effect.
163.Q.171 In a photoelectric effect experiment, the stopping potential is: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
The kinetic energy of the most energetic electron ejected
The potential energy of the most energetic electron ejected
The photon energy
The electric potential that causes the electron current to vanish
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) The electric potential that causes the electron current to vanish
The stopping potential is the reverse voltage at which even the fastest electron fails to reach the anode.
164.Which photons carries the most energy? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Blue
Violet
Red
Green
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Violet
Energy is $hf$, and violet has the highest frequency of the four.
Atomic Spectra
165.Which of the following is the longest wavelength available for the Paschen series? (MDCAT 2023)
The longest wavelength of a series comes from its smallest energy step, $n=4\to3$, and is about $1.87\times10^{-6}$ m, in the infrared.
166.Q.172 The line spectrum of hydrogen atom contains the spectral lines in the region of: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
ultraviolet
infrared
visible
all of these
Show answer
Correct answer: (d) all of these
The Lyman lines are ultraviolet, the Balmer visible, and the rest infrared.
167.Q.173 The speed of electron in the first Bohr orbit is: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
2.19 x 10^6 ms^-1
2.19 x 10^-6 ms^-1
2.19x 10^4 ms^-1
2.19 x 10^-4 ms^-1
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) 2.19 x 10^6 ms^-1
In the first Bohr orbit the electron moves at about $2.19\times10^6\,\mathrm{m\,s^{-1}}$.
168.Which one of the following series lies in the ultraviolet region? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Balmer series
Paschen series
Lyman series
Bracket series
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Lyman series
The Lyman lines end on the ground level and lie in the ultraviolet.
169.Which x-ray photon will have longest wavelength? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Kα
Kβ
Kγ
Mα
Show answer
Correct answer: (a) Kα
The K alpha line comes from the smallest energy drop of the K series, so its wavelength is the longest.
170.The Balmer series of hydrogen is important because it: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Is the only one for which the quantum theory can be used
Is the only series that occurs for hydrogen
Is in the visible region
Involves the lowest possible quantum number n
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Is in the visible region
The Balmer lines end on the second level, and they are the ones the eye can see.
Nuclear Physics
171.Q.175 It has been observed that Thorium (_90^234)Th is transformed into Protactinium (_91^234)Pa after the emission of ______________ particle: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Alpha, Beta, Gamma
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) Beta
The mass number is unchanged and the atomic number rises by one, which is beta emission.
172.Q.176 The half-life of Strontium (Sr) is 8.70 hours. Its decay constant is: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
0.000022 s
45000 /s
0.000022 / s
0.000032 / s
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) 0.000022 / s
$\lambda=0.693/t_{1/2}=0.693/(8.70\times3600)$, about $2.2\times10^{-5}\,\mathrm{s^{-1}}$.
173.The decay rate of radioactive substance is: (UHS MDCAT 2023)
Constant with time
Varies inversely with time
Decreases exponentially with time
Decreases linearly with time
Show answer
Correct answer: (c) Decreases exponentially with time
The activity is proportional to the number left, and that falls exponentially.
174.The half-life of Iodine – 31 is: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
10 days
8 days
45 days
60 days
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 8 days
Iodine-131 has a half life of about eight days.
175.The half-life of carbon is 5730 years. How much carbon will left after 22920 years? (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
1/32nd
1/16th
1/64th
1/4th
Show answer
Correct answer: (b) 1/16th
$22920/5730$ is four half lives, and each halves what is left, leaving a sixteenth.
176.The time taken for half the number of atoms of radioactive isotopes to disintegrate is called: (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
Average life
Mean life
Total life
Half life
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Correct answer: (d) Half life
That time is the half life.
177.A 32g radioactive element decays and remains 2g after 60 days. What is half-life of this radioactive element? (NUMS MDCAT 2023)
2 days
6 days
10 days
15 days
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Correct answer: (d) 15 days
Going from $32$ to $2\,\mathrm{g}$ is four half lives, and $60/4$ is $15$ days.
178.Q.174 A low energy neutron has RBE factor of 10. How much energy is absorbed by a man of mass 80 Kg if the value of equivalent dose is 400 rem? (UHS MDCAT 2023)
16 J
32 J
48 J
64 J
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Correct answer: (b) 32 J
$400\,\mathrm{rem}$ with an RBE of ten is $40\,\mathrm{rad}$, that is $0.4\,\mathrm{J\,kg^{-1}}$, and $0.4\times80$ is $32\,\mathrm{J}$.
179.Skin burns, loss of hair, drop in the white blood cells etc. are examples of: (SZABMU MDCAT 2023)
Somatic effect
Genetic effect
Metabolism effect
Mutation effect
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Correct answer: (a) Somatic effect
These appear in the person irradiated, so they are somatic effects.
180.The SI unit of equivalent dose is: (UHS MDCAT 2023)