Formal and Lexical Aspect of Language

Formal and Lexical Aspect of Language MDCAT MCQs with answers

191 past paper MCQs from English unit 2, Formal and Lexical Aspect of Language, across 13 topics. They are arranged topic by topic; bigger topics show a sample here and link to their full set and to study notes. Tap “Show answer” for the correct option and a short solution.

Practise as a quiz

Meaning from Contextual Clues

1."She was elated when she got first position in exams." What is the meaning of "elated" In this sentence? (UHS MDCAT 2025)

  1. Defeated
  2. Worried
  3. Excited
  4. Mad
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Correct answer: (c) Excited

To be elated is to be filled with joy, so excited is the closest of the four.

2.The writer has unearthed serious irregularities in the entire project. The word 'unearthed' In this sentence means (UHS MDCAT 2025)

  1. written
  2. mentioned
  3. exposed
  4. stated
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Correct answer: (c) exposed

To unearth something is to bring it to light, so it means exposed.

3.The old man was feeble, barely able to walk. The word 'feeble' means: (KMU MDCAT 2025)

  1. Healthy
  2. Weak
  3. Strong
  4. Fat
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Correct answer: (b) Weak

Feeble means lacking strength.

All 47 Meaning from Contextual Clues MCQs → Meaning from Contextual Clues notes →

Synonyms and Shades of Meaning

4.Which literary device involves using words or phrases that convey the opposite of their literal meaning? (KMU MDCAT 2025)

  1. Irony
  2. Parody
  3. Satire
  4. Sarcasm
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Correct answer: (a) Irony

Saying the opposite of what is meant is irony.

5.What is the effect of using synonyms with different shades of meaning in satire? (SZABMU MDCAT 2025)

  1. To create a serious tone
  2. To highlight the absurdity or irony of a situation
  3. To confuse the reader
  4. To add complexity to the language
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Correct answer: (b) To highlight the absurdity or irony of a situation

Satire sets a flattering word beside an unworthy thing, and the mismatch shows up the absurdity.

6.Find out synonym for "Elated" (KMU MDCAT 2024)

  1. Confused
  2. Disappointed
  3. Nervous
  4. Overjoyed
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Correct answer: (d) Overjoyed

To be elated is to be overjoyed.

All 20 Synonyms and Shades of Meaning MCQs → Synonyms and Shades of Meaning notes →

Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement

7.The board of directors expressed____________disappointment with the financial results. (UHS MDCAT 2025)

  1. their
  2. its
  3. his or her
  4. one's
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Correct answer: (b) its

A board is a collective noun treated as one body here, so the singular its is right.

8.All of the players forgot ____ jerseys. (KMU MDCAT 2025)

  1. his
  2. her
  3. them
  4. their
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Correct answer: (d) their

Players is plural, so the possessive that refers back to it is their.

9.The market is nearer to them than _____. (PMC MDCAT 2022)

  1. We
  2. Ourself
  3. Us
  4. Ourselves
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Correct answer: (c) Us

After than the pronoun stands as the object of the comparison here, so us is used.

All 5 Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement MCQs → Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement notes →

Tenses

10.I suggest that you _____ visit a doctor. (NUMS MDCAT 2025)

  1. Must
  2. Should
  3. Ought to
  4. Have to
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Correct answer: (b) Should

After suggest that, English takes should with the plain form of the verb.

11.Choose the sentence with the correct tense and sentence structure: (KMU MDCAT 2024)

  1. He is going to the market yesterday.
  2. I had been waiting for the bus, and it arrives.
  3. She will finish her homework before she went to bed.
  4. They were playing football when it started to rain.
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Correct answer: (d) They were playing football when it started to rain.

Only the fourth keeps its tenses consistent: the past continuous interrupted by the simple past.

12.Choose the correct sentence: (KMU MDCAT 2024)

  1. She didn't knew about the surprise party.
  2. She hasn't knew about the surprise party.
  3. She didn't know about the surprise party.
  4. She doesn't know about the surprise party.
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Correct answer: (c) She didn't know about the surprise party.

After did, the verb takes its plain form: she did not know.

All 38 Tenses MCQs → Tenses notes →

Infinitives and Infinitive Phrases

13.Pick out the sentence which illustrates the use of infinitive. (SZABMU MDCAT 2025)

  1. He refused to obey the orders.
  2. He refused obeying the orders.
  3. He refused obey the orders.
  4. He refused obeyed the orders.
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Correct answer: (a) He refused to obey the orders.

Refused is followed by the infinitive to obey.

Gerunds and Gerund Phrases

14.In the sentence "Jogging every morning improves my mood," what role does the gerund phrase play? (KMU MDCAT 2025)

  1. Object of a verb
  2. Direct object
  3. Predicative noun
  4. Subject
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Correct answer: (d) Subject

The gerund phrase names what improves the mood, so it is the subject of the sentence.

Prepositions

15.The keys were found ________ the drawer where you left them last week. (UHS MDCAT 2025)

  1. under
  2. in
  3. on
  4. beside
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Correct answer: (b) in

Something inside a drawer is in it, not under or on it.

16.The meeting has been scheduled ___ 3 p.m. sharp. (KMU MDCAT 2025)

  1. on
  2. at
  3. in
  4. to
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Correct answer: (b) at

A clock time takes at.

17.Which of the following verbs takes the preposition 'from' with it? (NUMS MDCAT 2025)

  1. Abstain
  2. Accused
  3. Desirous
  4. Ignorant
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Correct answer: (a) Abstain

One abstains from something; the others take of or with.

All 22 Prepositions MCQs → Prepositions notes →

Transitional Devices

18.It rained all night; __________ the roads were flooded in the morning. (UHS MDCAT 2025)

  1. similarly
  2. instead
  3. as a result
  4. in contrast
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Correct answer: (c) as a result

The flooding follows from the rain, so the connective must mark a consequence.

19."She studied hard; ______, she passed the exam with distinction." Choose the CORRECT transitional device: (KMU MDCAT 2025)

  1. however
  2. for instance
  3. consequently
  4. in contrast
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Correct answer: (c) consequently

Passing followed from the studying, so the connective must mark a consequence.

20.Take your warm jacket with you ____ it gets breezy. (PMC MDCAT 2022)

  1. Although
  2. In case
  3. Rather
  4. Until
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Correct answer: (b) In case

In case introduces a precaution against something that may happen.

Transitional Devices notes →

Punctuation

21.Identify the sentence among of the following, which is punctuated correctly? (UHS MDCAT 2025)

  1. The teaching staff asked the principal what time the meeting would start.
  2. The teaching staff asked the principal: "What time would the meeting start?"
  3. The teaching staff asked the principal, "What time would the meeting start?"
  4. The teaching staff asked the principal; "What time would the meeting start?"
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Correct answer: (c) The teaching staff asked the principal, "What time would the meeting start?"

A comma introduces the quoted words, and the quotation marks enclose them.

22.Clive had been only a few months in the army when announced that peace had been concluded between great britain and france. The sentence contains errors of: (NUMS MDCAT 2025)

  1. Comma
  2. Comma and full stop
  3. Comma and capitalization
  4. Capitalization
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Correct answer: (d) Capitalization

Great Britain and France are proper nouns and must be capitalized.

23.Punctuate the given sentence correctly. The teacher asked did you complete your homework (KMU MDCAT 2024)

  1. The teacher asked, did you complete your homework?
  2. The teacher asked, "Did you complete your homework?"
  3. The teacher asked, "did you complete your homework".
  4. The teacher asked, did you complete your homework.
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Correct answer: (b) The teacher asked, "Did you complete your homework?"

A comma introduces the quoted question, which keeps its capital and its question mark inside the quotation marks.

All 14 Punctuation MCQs → Punctuation notes →

Classes of Sentences and Phrases

24.'Whatever you order for dinner' is fine with me. The underlined part is: (NUMS MDCAT 2025)

  1. Noun clause
  2. Adjective clause
  3. Adverb clause
  4. Independent clause
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Correct answer: (a) Noun clause

The clause stands where a noun would, as the subject of is fine.

25.After midnight, the ghost will come out of the haunted attic to scare the people. The sentence is: (NUMS MDCAT 2025)

  1. Simple
  2. Compound
  3. Complex
  4. Compound-Complex
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Correct answer: (a) Simple

There is one subject and one finite verb, so the sentence is simple however many phrases hang off it.

26.Identify the sentence with correct structure. (NUMS MDCAT 2025)

  1. We noticed the boy, walking down the street.
  2. We noticed, the boy walk down the, street.
  3. We noticed, that the boy was walking down the street.
  4. We noticed the boy, who was walking down the street.
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Correct answer: (d) We noticed the boy, who was walking down the street.

A non-defining relative clause is marked off by a comma and introduced by who.

All 31 Classes of Sentences and Phrases MCQs → Classes of Sentences and Phrases notes →

Sentence Inversion

27.Choose the correctly structured sentence. (NUMS MDCAT 2025)

  1. Had he been there, he would see us.
  2. Had he been there, he would had seen us.
  3. Had he been there, he would have seen us.
  4. Had he had been there, he would have seen us.
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Correct answer: (c) Had he been there, he would have seen us.

Inverting had for if takes the third conditional, whose main clause is would have seen.

28.__________ so many people been out of work as today. Which part is the most appropriate to be filled in the blank? (UHS MDCAT 2023)

  1. More than ever before
  2. Never before have
  3. In the past, there never have
  4. Formerly, there never were
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Correct answer: (b) Never before have

Never before at the head of the sentence inverts the auxiliary and the subject.

Active and Passive Voice

29.She completed the task with great difficulty. Identify the CORRECT usage of passive voice. (KMU MDCAT 2025)

  1. The task was completed with great difficulty by her.
  2. The task has been completed with great difficulty by her.
  3. The task was been completed with great difficulty by her.
  4. The task was being completed with great difficulty by her.
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Correct answer: (a) The task was completed with great difficulty by her.

The simple past active becomes the simple past passive: the task was completed by her.

30.The book was written by Rashid Khan. Identify the correct usage of voice. (SZABMU MDCAT 2025)

  1. Rashid Khan writes the book.
  2. Rashid Khan wrote the book.
  3. Rashid Khan written the book.
  4. Rashid Khan has write the book.
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Correct answer: (b) Rashid Khan wrote the book.

The passive past becomes the active past: Rashid Khan wrote the book.

31.Q.180 Fill in the blank with the correct word. The shepherd ploughed this mountain with cattle the first time it ....... ever ploughed. (UHS MDCAT 2023)

  1. was
  2. was been
  3. had
  4. had been
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Correct answer: (d) had been

The passive of the past perfect is had been ploughed.

All 6 Active and Passive Voice MCQs → Active and Passive Voice notes →

Direct and Indirect Speech

32.She said that she was happy. Which type of narration is used here? (PMC MDCAT 2022)

  1. Indirect
  2. Direct
  3. Simple
  4. Complex
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Correct answer: (a) Indirect

The words are reported rather than quoted, so the narration is indirect.

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